报告题目：罗布泊有话说–塔里木盆地水循环自动稳定机制

讲座人：张洪泉Professor, Director of Tulsa University Artificial Lift Projects (TUALP) The University of Tulsa, OK, USA

讲座时间：12月28日下午2点

讲座地点：科学馆101报告厅

内容摘要：

通过仔细分析有关罗布泊的文献记载和研究报告，作者发现塔里木盆地水循环有一个很强 的自动稳定机制，并证实有一系统平衡蒸发率（System Equilibrium Evaporation Rate – SEER）存 在于这个循环之中，它对应于盆地顶部空气湿度与周围大气的平衡状态。当系统蒸发率因可蒸发 水量（或水蒸发面积）变化而偏离 SEER，会随即引起很强的降水负反馈相应，使系统蒸发率自 动回到 SEER，同时系统降水率也回到平衡状态并与 SEER 相等。系统内河流的年径流量及整个 水循环过程都受制于 SEER，它是一个刚性约束。这一稳定机制解释了罗布泊为什么消失、现有 治水实践为什么捉襟见肘，也确定了盆地内的生态保护原则与其它地方截然不同。

由于这一自动稳定机制的存在，向盆地内输水并不能增加其水量，却会造成当地河流径流 量的相应减小。相反，如果向外输水，盆地内的水量却不会减少，而当地的河流径流量会相应增 加。这一稳定机制也使盆地在非对称蒸发状态下具有水蒸汽输入输出功能，间接证明罗布泊对于 西北生态的至关重要性。罗布泊的消失不是西北干旱的结果，而是其原因，与青藏高原隆起无关。 作者进一步讨论了塔里木盆地内西部造水、东部蒸发的一些具体方法，可使罗布泊恢复到其全盛 景况，再度成为滋润大西北的蒸汽喷泉。

张洪泉教授简介：

Degrees

1988: PhD, Mechanical Engineering (Fluid Mechanics), Tianjin University

1985: MSc, Mechanical Engineering (Thermal Energy), Xian Jiaotong University

1982: BSc, Mechanical Engineering (Thermal Energy), Xian Jiaotong University

Experience

Currently:Professor, McDougall School of Petroleum Engineering, the University of Tulsa, Director,

Tulsa University Artificial Lift Projects (TUALP, www.tualp.utulsa.edu)

9/2007-9/2012:Director, Tulsa University High-viscosity Oil Projects (TUHOP)

6/2008-8/2008:Visiting Professor, Chevron ETC

8/2003-4/2012:Associate Director of Tulsa University Fluid Flow Projects (TUFFP)

5/1998-8/2003:Senior Research Associate, TUFFP and Tulsa University Paraffin DepositionProjects (TUPDP)

9/1988-5/1998:Lecturer, Associate Professor and Professor, Tianjin University

1/1993-12/1994:Alexander von Humboldt Research Fellow, Max-Plank-Institute of Fluid Mechanics and German Aerospace Research Establishment, Göttingen, Germany

Areas of Expertise

Multiphase Flow in Wells and Pipelines, Artificial Lift, Heat and Mass Transfer, CFD, Heavy Oil and

Emulsion Rheology, Oil and Gas Production, and Flow Assurance

Memberships

SPE, ASME, AIChE and AIAA

Awards

Several US and International awards

Publications

Over 40 Peer-Reviewed Journal Publications

Presentations

Over 60 Conference Proceedings and Professional Presentations

Patents

6 Patents